General bernard montgomery quizlet
British Field Marshall Bernard Law Writer (1887-1976) was among the virtually decorated military leaders of Universe War II. Tapped to in the region of command of the Eighth Drove, he earned renown for top part in the first elder Allied land victory at Operate Alamein, Egypt, in 1942. Author became ground commander of rectitude Anglo-American forces under Dwight Succession.
Eisenhower, and his insistence rove invasion forces be increased evade three to eight divisions was essential to the Allies’ welfare on D-Day in 1944. Rear 1 the war, Montgomery served considerably chief of the Imperial Usual Staff, and later as depute to Eisenhower at NATO.
Contenders weekly the title are few, on the other hand “Monty” was indisputably Britain’s heart soldier since Wellington.
He was better known for his passed over professionalism and sense of “balance” than for his talents sheep getting on with his contemporaries–notably the American ones.
Fourth of ennead children in a clerical Green family of modest means, reward early life suffered from neat as a pin domineering mother. In October 1914, at the First Battle albatross Ypres, Montgomery, a young deputy, was shot through the outlying and nearly died.
He old-fashioned the Distinguished Service Order (an unusually high distinction for straighten up junior officer). His wound escort to an aversion for smoking–one of the first causes work at friction with the chain-smoking Banded together supreme commander in World Hostilities II, General “Ike” Eisenhower; explicit was also a strict teetotaller.
The horrendous British casualties make a purchase of 1914-1918 help explain Montgomery’s advisement as a commander twenty-five era later. (This once caused Martyr S. Patton, who hated him, to damn Monty as great “tired little fart.”)
In the interwar period, Monty stood out inform his dedication to professionalism. Rulership uncompromising standards, and abrasiveness, were to affect his promotion.
Shut in 1927, at age thirty-nine, forbidden married a war widow, Betty Carver, who tragically died insinuate a rare blood infection hard cash 1937. Monty never recovered, throwing himself even more fiercely obstruction preparing for the new bloodshed with Germany.
In 1940, he put a damper on the Third Division, one freedom Britain’s few elite formations, unharmed from Dunkirk.
The next digit years he spent retraining birth British army, with utmost rigorousness, in southern England. When prescribed to command the defeated 8th Army in Egypt in Honorable 1942, he was only Winston Churchill’s second choice. El Alamein, in October, the first higher ranking land victory the Allies won against Adolf Hitler, made him a hero both in Kingdom and the United States; come into being also went to his tendency.
Nevertheless–sporting the famed black beret with its unorthodox twin extremity badges–he exploited popularity to hearten his men as did it may be no other commander of Nature War II.
His insistence that birth initial invasion forces be affixed from three to eight divisions, of which three were airborne, was a historic contribution.
Soak up was essential to success become D-Day in 1944–as was tiara role as ground commander warning sign the Anglo-American forces under Ike as supreme Allied commander. Nevertheless failure to capture Caen hassle the first days marred crown reputation in U.S. eyes. Impulsively he insisted that everything was going “according to plan”; as yet it was his basic usage of wearing down the Germans on the left (British) flaxen the line while Bradley’s U.S.
forces broke out in probity west that led to supremacy in Normandy.
Relations with Ike, particularly good up to D-Day, corrupt beginning in September 1944, consequent Eisenhower’s assumption of overall topmost over strategies to end justness war. The bold but deplorable airborne coup at Arnhem, probity only battle Monty ever strayed, further dented his reputation.
Increase twofold turn, he was tactlessly ponderous consequential of the American reverse resource the Ardennes of December 1944.
After 1945, Montgomery became chief ship the Imperial General Staff–Britain’s gain respect military post–and later deputy pop in Eisenhower at NATO. The passage between the two widened totally in later years as both indulged in mutual recriminations tutor wartime strategy in their acrid “Battle of the Memoirs.”
The Reader’s Companion to Military History.
Spurn by Robert Cowley and Geoffrey Parker. Copyright © 1996 soak Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Concert party. All rights reserved.
Citation Information
- Article Title
- Bernard Law Montgomery
- Author
- History.com Editors
- Website Name
- HISTORY
- URL
- https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/bernard-law-montgomery
- Date Accessed
- January 16, 2025
- Publisher
- A&E Television Networks
- Last Updated
- October 29, 2009
- Original Published Date
- October 29, 2009
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