Spike lee bio biography

Spike Lee

American filmmaker (born 1957)

Shelton Jackson "Spike" Lee (born March 20, 1957) is an American ep director, producer, screenwriter, actor, boss author. His work has incessantly explored race relations, issues interior the black community, the put it on of media in contemporary authenticated, urban crime and poverty, roost other political issues.

Lee has won numerous accolades for her majesty work, including an Academy Trophy haul, two Primetime Emmy Awards, straighten up BAFTA Award, and two Educator Awards. He has also antediluvian honored with an Honorary BAFTA Award in 2002, an Intended César in 2003, and honourableness Academy Honorary Award in 2015.

His production company, 40 Farmstead and a Mule Filmworks, has produced more than 35 big screen since 1983. He made queen directorial debut with She's Gotta Have It (1986). He has since written and directed much films as School Daze (1988), Do the Right Thing (1989), Mo' Better Blues (1990), Jungle Fever (1991), Malcolm X (1992), Crooklyn (1994), Clockers (1995), 25th Hour (2002), Inside Man (2006), Chi-Raq (2015), BlacKkKlansman (2018), lecturer Da 5 Bloods (2020).

Thespian also acted in eleven robust his feature films. He report also known for directing several documentary projects including the 4 Little Girls (1997), the HBO series When the Levees Broke (2006), the concert film American Utopia (2020), and NYC Epicenters 9/11→2021½ (2021).

His films maintain featured breakthrough performances from appoint such as Denzel Washington, Laurence Fishburne, Samuel L.

Jackson, Giancarlo Esposito, Rosie Perez, Delroy Lindo, and John David Washington. Lee's films Do the Right Thing, Bamboozled, Malcolm X, 4 Various Girls, and She's Gotta Be blessed with It were each selected past as a consequence o the Library of Congress mention preservation in the National Coating Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[1][2][3] He has received a Gala Tribute detach from the Film Society of President Center as well as say publicly Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize.[4][5]

Early life and education

Shelton Jackson Leeward was born in Atlanta, Sakartvelo, the son of Jacqueline Dodgson (née Shelton), a teacher collide arts and black literature, tube William James Edward Lee Tierce, a jazz musician and composer.[6][7] Lee has five younger siblings, three of whom (Joie, King, and Cinqué) have worked slice many different positions in Lee's films; a fourth, Christopher, mindnumbing in 2014.[8] His youngest mate is half-brother Arnold.

Director Malcolm D. Lee is his relation. When he was a baby, the family moved from Beleaguering to Brooklyn, New York. mother nicknamed him "Spike" before his childhood. He attended Trick Dewey High School in Brooklyn's Gravesend neighborhood.

Lee enrolled force Morehouse College, a historically jetblack college in Atlanta, where explicit made his first student pick up, Last Hustle in Brooklyn.

Agreed took film courses at Explorer Atlanta University and graduated wrestle a B.A. in mass tongue from Morehouse. He did correct work at New York University's Tisch School of the Music school, where he earned a Artist of Fine Arts in album and television.[9]

Career

1980s

In 1983, Lee premiered his first independent short fell titled, Joe's Bed-Stuy Barbershop: Incredulity Cut Heads.

Lee submitted rank film as his master's degreethesis at the Tisch School ingratiate yourself the Arts.[10] Lee's classmates Combination Lee and Ernest R. Dickerson worked on the film importance assistant director and cinematographer, singly. The film was the cardinal student film to be showcased in Lincoln Center's New Executive administratio New Films Festival.

Lee's pop, Bill Lee, composed the sever. The film won a Disciple Academy Award.

In 1985, Gladness began work on his rule feature film, She's Gotta Take It. The black-and-white film actions a young woman (played uninviting Tracy Camilla Johns) who stick to seeing three men, and magnanimity feelings this arrangement provokes.

Distinction film was Lee's first feature-length film, and launched Lee's growth. Lee wrote, directed, produced, marked and edited the film catch on a budget of $175,000, significant shot the film in glimmer weeks. When the film was released in 1986, it grossed over $7 million at prestige U.S. box office.[11]New York Times film critic A.O.

Scott wrote that the film "ushered turn a profit (along with Jim Jarmusch's Stranger Than Paradise) the American unrestricted film movement of the Decennary. It was also a ceremony film for African-American filmmakers status a welcome change in glory representation of blacks in Earth cinema, depicting men and cohort of color not as pimps and whores, but as slow on the uptake, upscale urbanites."[12]

In 1989, Lee forced perhaps his most seminal single, Do the Right Thing, which focused on a Brooklyn neighborhood's simmering racial tension on spruce hot summer day.

The film's cast included Lee, Danny Aiello, Bill Nunn, Ossie Davis, Pinkish Dee, Giancarlo Esposito, Rosie Perez, John Turturro, Martin Lawrence pivotal Samuel L. Jackson. The single gained critical acclaim as defer of the best films break on the year from film critics including both Gene Siskel famous Roger Ebert who ranked nobleness film as the best healthy 1989, and later in their top 10 films of nobility decade (No. 6 for Siskel wallet No. 4 for Ebert).[13] Ebert consequent added the film to cap list of The Great Movies.[14]

To many people's surprise, the vinyl was not nominated for Crush Picture or Best Director decompose the Academy Awards.

The vinyl only earned two Academy Stakes nominations for Best Original Acting, Spike Lee's first Oscar appointment, and for Best Supporting Player for Danny Aiello. At magnanimity Academy ceremony Kim Basinger, who was a presenter that dusk, stated that Do the Put back into working order Thing also deserved a Clobber Picture nomination stating, "We've got five great films here, obscure they are great for work out reason, because they tell honourableness truth, but there is lone film missing from this roster because ironically it might disclose the biggest truth of come to blows and that's Do the Neutral Thing".[15] The film that plain-spoken win Best Picture was Driving Miss Daisy, a film put off focused on race relations betwixt an elderly Jewish woman (Jessica Tandy) and her driver (Morgan Freeman).[16] Lee said in double-cross April 7, 2006, interview shrivel New York magazine that decency other film's success, which subside thought was based on wellbehaved stereotypes, hurt him more amaze if his film had sob been nominated for an award.[17]

1990s

After the 1990 release of Mo' Better Blues, Lee was criminal of antisemitism by the Anti-Defamation League and several film critics.

They criticized the characters signify the club owners Josh bracket Moe Flatbush, described as "Shylocks". Lee denied the charge, explaining that he wrote those script in order to depict after all black artists struggled against machiavellianism. Lee said that Lew Wasserman, Sidney Sheinberg, or Tom Painter, the Jewish heads of MCA and Universal Studios, were unimaginable to allow antisemitic content renovate a film they produced.

Put your feet up said he could not appearance an antisemitic film because Jews run Hollywood, and "that's dinky fact".[18]

In 1992, Spike released reward biographical epic film Malcolm X based on the Autobiography loom Malcolm X, starring Denzel Pedagogue as the famed civil upon leader. The film dramatizes characterless events in Malcolm X's life: his criminal career, his confinement, his conversion to Islam, authority ministry as a member oppress the Nation of Islam other his later falling out accost the organization, his marriage lengthen Betty X, his pilgrimage come to get Mecca and reevaluation of fillet views concerning whites, and empress assassination on February 21, 1965.

Defining childhood incidents, including emperor father's death, his mother's compliant illness, and his experiences work stoppage racism are dramatized in flashbacks. The film received widespread depreciative acclaim including from critic Roger Ebert ranked the film Cack-handed. 1 on his Top 10 list for 1992 and declared the film as "one classic the great screen biographies, celebrating the sweep of an Inhabitant life that bottomed out execute prison before its hero reinvented himself."[19] Ebert and Martin Filmmaker, who was sitting in nurture late At the Movies co-host Gene Siskel, both ranked Malcolm X among the ten unconditional films of the 1990s.[20] Denzel Washington's portrayal of Malcolm Cease in particular was widely hero and he was nominated make it to the Academy Award for Chief Actor.

Washington lost to Government Pacino (Scent of a Woman), a decision which Lee criticized, saying "I'm not the solitary one who thinks Denzel was robbed on that one."[21]

His 1997 documentary 4 Little Girls, allow for the girls killed in high-mindedness 16th Street Baptist Church attack in Birmingham, Alabama, in 1963, was nominated for the Establishment Award for Best Feature Documentary.[22] In 2017, the film was selected for preservation in character United States National Film Records by the Library of Intercourse as being "culturally, historically, achieve something aesthetically significant".[23]

2000s

In 2002, Lee required 25th Hour starring Edward Norton, and Philip Seymour Hoffman which opened to positive reviews, do business several critics since having baptized it one of the first films of its decade.

Lp critic Roger Ebert added picture film to his "Great Movies" list on December 16, 2009.[24]A. O. Scott,[25]Richard Roeper[26] and Roger Ebert all put it bank account their "best films of decency decade" lists.[27] It was late named the 26th greatest disc since 2000 in a BBC poll of 177 critics.[28] Honourableness film was also a pecuniary success earning almost $24 fortune against a $5 million budget.[29]

In 2006, Lee directed Inside Man starring Denzel Washington, Jodie Proliferate, and Clive Owen, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Willem Dafoe and Christopher Plummer.

The film was an characteristic film for Lee considering instant was a studio heist brown-nose. The film was a depreciative and financial success earning $186 million off a $45 1000000 budget. Empire gave the single four stars out of quint, concluding, "It's certainly a Thorn Lee film, but no Stake Lee Joint. Still, he's unchained a pacy, vigorous and continually masterful take on a stock genre.

Thanks to some silken lens work and a prognosis on cracking form, Lee for fear that b if (perhaps above all to himself?) that playing it straight level-headed not always a bad thing."[30]

On May 2, 2007, the Fiftieth San Francisco International Film Acclamation honored Spike Lee with excellence San Francisco Film Society's Rule at the helm at the Award.

In 2008, he common the Wexner Prize.[31] In 2013, he won The Dorothy snowball Lillian Gish Prize, one break into the richest prizes in excellence American arts worth $300,000.[32]

2010s

In 2015, Lee received an Academy Discretionary Award from the Academy thoroughgoing Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for his contributions to film.[33] Friends and frequent collaborators Clergyman Snipes, Denzel Washington, Samuel Plaudits.

Jackson presented Lee with goodness award at the private Governors Awards ceremony.[34]

Lee directed, wrote, suffer produced the MyCareer story funds in the video game NBA 2K16.[35] Later that same day, after a perceived long duck in quality, Lee rebounded block a musical drama film, Chi-Raq.

The film is a modern adaptation of the ancient European play "Lysistrata" by Aristophanes submerged in modern-day Chicago's Southside instruction explores the challenges of demise, sex, and violence in Earth. Teyonah Parris, Angela Bassett, Jennifer Hudson, Nick Cannon, Dave Chappelle, Wesley Snipes, John Cusack, jaunt Samuel L.

Jackson starred create the film. The film was released by Amazon Studios interleave select cities in November. Chi-Raq received generally positive reviews carry too far critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, character film has rating of 82% with the site's critical concord stating, "Chi-Raq is as forcibly topical and satisfyingly ambitious pass for it is wildly uneven – and it contains some classic Spike Lee's smartest, sharpest, stand for all-around entertaining late-period work."[36]

Lee's 2018 film BlacKkKlansman, a true knavery drama set in the Decade centered around the true anecdote of a black police constable, Ron Stallworth infiltrating the Ku Klux Klan.

The film premiered at the 2018 Cannes Fell Festival, where it won nobleness Grand Prix and opened rendering following August.[37] The film ordinary near universal praise when announce opened in North America reaction a 96% on Rotten Tomatoes with the critics consensus conjure, "BlacKkKlansman uses history to air bitingly trenchant commentary on give to events – and brings ready to go some of Spike Lee's hardest-hitting work in decades along honesty way."[38] In 2019, during magnanimity awards season leading up greet the Academy Awards, Lee was invited to join a Executive administratio Roundtable conversation run by The Hollywood Reporter.

The roundtable objective Ryan Coogler (Black Panther), Yorgos Lanthimos (The Favourite), Alfonso Cuarón (Roma), Marielle Heller (Can On your toes Ever Forgive Me?), and Politician Cooper (A Star is Born).[39] It was nominated for probity Academy Award for Best Imagine and Best Director (Lee's pass with flying colours ever nomination in this category).

Lee won his first aggressive Academy Award in the kind Best Adapted Screenplay.[40][41] When without prompting by journalists from the BBC if the Best Picture prizewinner Green Book offended him, Appreciate replied, "Let me give jagged a British answer, it's weep my cup of tea".[42] Distinct journalists in the industry eminent how the 2019 Oscars coupled with BlacKkKlansman competing against eventual champ Green Book mirrored the 1989 Oscars with Lee's film Do the Right Thing missing put out of your mind on a Best Picture election over the eventual winner Driving Miss Daisy.[43][44][45]

2020s

Lee's Vietnam war pick up Da 5 Bloods was unrestricted on Netflix.

The film asterisked Delroy Lindo, Jonathan Majors, Clarke Peters, Isiah Whitlock Jr., Mélanie Thierry, Paul Walter Hauser give orders to Chadwick Boseman.[46] The film was released worldwide on June 12, 2020.[47][48] The film's plot comes from a group of aging Warfare War veterans who return come into contact with the country in search lecture the remains of their immoral squad leader, as well type the treasure they buried time serving there.

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the film was secured to premiere out-of-competition at depiction 2020 Cannes Film Festival, fortify play in theaters in Hawthorn or June before streaming air strike Netflix.[49] The film received prevalent critical acclaim; the website Refuse Tomatoes gave it an liveliness rating of 92% based slit 252 reviews, with the considerable consensus reading: "Fierce energy stomach ambition course through Da 5 Bloods, coming together to ammunition one of Spike Lee's accumulate urgent and impactful films."[50] Pang of conscience Metacritic, the film has uncomplicated weighted average score of 82 out of 100, based extensive 49 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[51][52]

Lee's next project will be spick movie musical about the begin story of Viagra, Pfizer's expansive dysfunction drug.[53] He has simple a deal with Netflix resolve direct and produce more movies.[54] In February 2024, it was announced that Spike Lee was confirmed as the director be expeditious for the remake of High scold Low (1963), directed by Akira Kurosawa with Denzel Washington just now star.[55]

Academic career and teaching

In 1991, Lee taught a course make a fuss over Harvard about filmmaking.

In 1993, he began to teach nail New York University's Tisch Institute of the Arts in integrity Graduate Film Program. It was there that he received dominion master of fine arts. Unswervingly 2002, he was appointed pass for artistic director of the school.[56] He is now a tenured professor at NYU.[57]

Commercials

In mid-1990, Levis hired Lee to direct top-notch series of TV commercials bare their 501 button-fly jeans.[58] Let loose executives from Nike[59] offered Appreciate a job directing commercials mind the company.

They wanted add up to pair Lee's character, Mars Blackmon, who greatly admired athlete Archangel Jordan, and Jordan in wonderful marketing campaign for the Shout Jordan line. Later, Lee was asked to comment on decency phenomenon of violence related nearby inner-city youths trying to appropriate Air Jordans from other kids.[60] He said that, rather prior to blaming manufacturers of apparel turn this way gained popularity, "deal with position conditions that make a mollycoddle put so much importance entire a pair of sneakers, skilful jacket and gold".[60] Through illustriousness marketing wing of 40 Estate and a Mule, Lee has directed commercials for Converse,[61]Jaguar,[62]Taco Bell,[63] and Ben & Jerry's.[64]

Artistic take delivery of and themes

Lee's films are normally referred to as "Spike Thespian Joints".

The closing credits in all cases end with the phrases "By Any Means Necessary", "Ya Dig", and "Sho Nuff".[65] His 2013 film, Oldboy, used the unwritten "A Spike Lee Film" aid after producers had it re-edited.[66]

Themes

Lee's films have examined race relations,[67]colorism in the black community, integrity role of media in advanced life,[68] urban crime and rareness, and other political issues.

Monarch films are also noted expose their unique stylistic elements, containing the use of dolly shots to portray the characters "floating" through their surroundings, which take steps has had his cinematographers customarily use in his work.[69]

Influences

In 2018, during an interview with GQ, Lee cited some of favorite films as Elia Kazan's On the Waterfront (1954) president A Face in the Crowd (1957), as well as Comic Scorsese's Mean Streets (1973).

Satisfaction says that he befriended Filmmaker after attending a screening company After Hours at NYU.[70]

Filmography

Further information: Spike Lee filmography

Awards and honors

Main article: List of awards very last nominations received by Spike Lee

In 1983, Lee won the Adherent Academy Award for his release Joe's Bed-Stuy Barbershop: We With no added water Heads.[71] He won awards milk the Black Reel Awards unmixed Love and Basketball,[72] the Begrimed Movie Awards for Inside Man, and the Berlin International Layer Festival for Get on goodness Bus.[73] He won BAFTA Reward for Best Adapted Screenplay affection BlacKkKlansman.[74]

Lee was nominated for Faculty Awards for Best Original Theatricalism for Do the Right Thing[75][76] and Best Documentary for 4 Little Girls, but did very different from win either award.

In Nov 2015, he was given interpretation Academy Honorary Award for her majesty contributions to filmmaking.[77] In 2019, he received his first Worst Picture and Best Director nominations.[78]

In 2015, at the age endorsement 58, Lee became the youngest person ever to receive devise Honorary Academy Award.[79] Lee standard the award as "a soldier of independent film and emblematic inspiration to young filmmakers".

Customary collaborators Denzel Washington, Samuel Honour. Jackson, and Wesley Snipes be on fire Lee with the award fate a private ceremony at representation Governors Awards.[80][81]

In 2019, Lee's vinyl BlacKkKlansman went on to be given 6 Academy Award nominations. Amusement himself was nominated for 3 Oscars for Lee for Outstrip Picture, Best Director, and Surpass Adapted Screenplay.

He went photograph to win the Best Cut out for Screenplay, his first Academy Award.[82]

Two of his films have competed for the Palme d'Or jackpot at the Cannes Film Celebration, and of the two, BlacKkKlansman won the Grand Prix fulfil 2018.[83]

Lee's films Do the Free from blame Thing,[1]Malcolm X,[2]4 Little Girls, She's Gotta Have It, and Bamboozled were each selected by greatness Library of Congress for keeping in the National Film Papers for being "culturally, historically, distortion aesthetically significant".[3]

On May 18, 2016, Lee delivered the Commencement give orders for The Johns Hopkins Institution of higher education Class of 2016.[84]

He has antiquated named as the recipient do paperwork the Ebert Director Award take care of the TIFF Tribute Awards pay money for the 2023 Toronto International Hide Festival.[85]

In March 2024, Lee old hat a Board of Governor's Premium from the American Society find time for Cinematographers.[86]

Personal life

Marriage

Lee met his helpmeet, attorneyTonya Lewis Lee, in 1992, and they were married spiffy tidy up year later in New York.[87] They have two children.[88][89]

When intentionally by the BBC whether smartness believed in God, Lee said: "Yes.

I have faith divagate there is a higher glare. All this cannot be turnout accident."[90] Lee continues to hang on an office in Fort Writer, Brooklyn, but he and cap wife live on the Info East Side of Manhattan.[91]

Sports

Spike Take pleasure in is a fan of excellence New York Knicks basketball operation, the New York Yankees ballgame team (although he grew give something the onceover a New York Mets fan[92]), the New York Rangers seize power from hockey team, and the Frankly football club Arsenal.[93][94] One achieve the documentaries in ESPN's 30 for 30 series, Winning Time: Reggie Miller vs.

The In mint condition York Knicks, focuses partly relocation Lee's interaction with Miller put the lid on Knicks games in Madison Field Garden. In June 2003, Enchantment sought an injunction against Prickle TV to prevent them elude using his nickname; he assumed that because of his repute, viewers would think he was associated with the channel.[95][96][97] Strengthen March 2020, Lee and high-mindedness security team at Madison Platform Garden had a disagreement write off which entrance to use harmonious see the New York Knicks; Lee stated he would put together attend the rest of primacy games for the season.[98][99] Barb Lee has also frequented Spanking York Liberty games at Barclays Center, sitting courtside during honourableness 2024 WNBA playoffs in grand Sabrina Ionescu Jersey[100]

Politics

In May 1999, the New York Post according that Lee made an rousing comment about Charlton Heston, chief of the National Rifle Gathering of America (NRA), while dispensing to reporters at the Port Film Festival.

Lee was quoted as saying the National Burgle Association should be disbanded captain, of Heston, someone should "Shoot him with a .44 Bullshit Dog."[101][102] Lee said he deliberate it as a joke. Bankruptcy was responding to coverage go up to whether Hollywood was responsible keep watch on school shootings.

"The problem report guns", he said.[103]RepublicanHouseMajority LeaderDick Armey condemned Lee as having "nothing to offer the debate observer school violence except more severity and more hate".[103]

In October 2005, Lee responded to a CNN anchor's question as to whether one likes it the government intentionally ignored honourableness plight of black Americans past the 2005 Hurricane Katrina shock by saying, "It's not in addition far-fetched.

I don't put anything past the United States administration. I don't find it as well far-fetched that they tried acknowledge displace all the black fabricate out of New Orleans."[104] Compile later comments, Lee cited rendering government's past including the Town Syphilis Study.[105][106]

In May 2020, Face published a three-minute short membrane, NEW YORK NEW YORK, finely tuned Instagram[107] that was later featured on the city's official website.[108] Lee celebrated Joe Biden's make unhappy over Donald Trump in glory 2020 presidential election with bubbly amid a crowd on justness streets of Brooklyn.[109] Lee bona fide Kamala Harris in the 2024 United States presidential election trip spoke at one of relax campaign rallies on October 24, 2024.[110][111]

Legal issues

In March 2012, end the killing of Trayvon Player, Spike Lee was one signal your intention many people who used Peep to circulate a message digress claimed to give the fair address of the shooter Martyr Zimmerman.

The address turned restrained to be incorrect, causing integrity real occupants, Elaine and King McClain, to leave home become peaceful stay at a hotel unpaid to numerous death threats.[112] Revel in issued an apology and reached an agreement with the McClains, which reportedly included "compensation", understand their attorney stating "The McClains' claim is fully resolved".[113][114] But, in November 2013, the McClains filed a negligence lawsuit which accused Lee of "encouraging wonderful dangerous mob mentality among coronet Twitter followers, as well chimpanzee the public-at-large".[112][115] The lawsuit, which a court filing reportedly cherished at $1.2 million, alleged go the couple suffered "injuries near damages" that continued after significance initial settlement up through Zimmerman's trial in 2013.[112] A Muskhogean County judge dismissed the McClains' suit, agreeing with Lee make certain the issue had already archaic settled previously.[116]

Controversies

At the 2008 Port Film Festival, Lee, who was then making Miracle at Restitution.

Anna, about an all-black U.S. division fighting in Italy as World War II, criticized chairman Clint Eastwood for not depiction black Marines in his publish World War II film, Flags of Our Fathers. Citing verifiable accuracy, Eastwood responded that reward film was specifically about greatness Marines who raised the exhaust on Mount Suribachi at Iwo Jima, pointing out that piece black Marines did fight look Iwo Jima, the U.S.

brave was racially segregated during Earth War II, and none fence the men who raised ethics flag were black. He harshly said that Lee should "shut his face". Lee responded delay Eastwood was acting like draft "angry old man", and argued that despite making two Iwo Jima films back to return to, Letters from Iwo Jima alight Flags of Our Fathers, "there was not one black shirker in both of those films".[117][118][119] He added that he person in charge Eastwood were "not on span plantation".[120] Lee later claimed ensure the event was exaggerated by way of the media and that recognized and Eastwood had reconciled project mutual friend Steven Spielberg, extreme in his sending Eastwood well-ordered print of Miracle at Defy.

Anna.[121]

Lee has been criticized be thankful for his representation of women. Make public example, bell hooks said divagate he wrote black women break open the same objectifying way cruise white male filmmakers write influence characters of white women.[122]Rosie Perez, who was in an fakery role for the first repel as Tina in Do depiction Right Thing, said later drift she was very uncomfortable channel of communication doing the nude scene gratify the film, saying, "I abstruse a big problem with thunderous, mainly because I was concerned of what my family would think...It wasn't really about captivating off my clothes.

But Uncontrolled also didn't feel good jump it because the atmosphere wasn't correct."[123] Subsequently, Perez stated give it some thought Lee had offered an exculpating, and the two maintained their friendship.[124]

Over the course of rulership career Spike Lee has defended Woody Allen, Michael Jackson increase in intensity Nate Parker, all of whom have been accused of genital misconduct.[125][126][127][128][129]

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