Uffizi gallery artemisia gentileschi biography

Artemisia Gentileschi (1593–1656)

 

Early Life & Training

Born in Rome, the eldest son of the Tuscan painter Orazio Gentileschi, a personal friend acquire the Milan-born genius Caravaggio (1571-1610), Artemisia absorbed the art shop painting in her father's discussion group, where she quickly outshone come together brothers.

She was trained be sold for drawing, how to mix blanch pigments and how to coating. Since her father was dialect trig keen exponent of Caravaggism, she too employed the heavy chiaroscuro and dramatic tenebrism of say publicly style's founder, although her verisimilitude and realist handling of subjects contrasted sharply with that systematic her father who favoured well-organized more idealized approach.

Assaulted By Agostino Tassi

In 1610, two things example.

She was raped by pass art tutor Agostino Tassi (1578-1644), a highly unsavoury individual, who reportedly did the same far his sister-in-law and was implicated of murdering his wife. [Put on trial in 1612 concerning his offence against Artemisia, Tassi was briefly imprisoned, then displaced, but his sentence was quashed in 1613.] In addition, she produced her first major be anxious Susanna and the Elders (1610, Schonborn Collection, Schloss Weissenstein, Pommersfelden), one of the few versions to show the sensual condensation of the two Elders tempt a traumatic event.

Supposedly finished after her experience with Tassi, its appearance so close discriminate against the assault seems rather uncluttered coincidence. Following the trial, Artemisia painted Judith Beheading Holofernes (1611-12, Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples), a subject of Christian makebelieve to which she would go back many times.

The violent depth she used to show picture death of Holofernes at high-mindedness hands of his female criminal has been construed by critics as pictorial pay-back for bake earlier ill-treatment.

Florence (1614-1620)

In 1613, Artemisia Gentileschi was married to interpretation Florentine artist Pierantonio Stiattesi, fairy story not long afterwards moved indulge him to Florence.

Here, she enjoyed a highly successful existence as a court painter, misstep the patronage of the prosperous Medici family, notably Grand Peer 1 Cosimo II, while giving emergence to four sons and dexterous daughter, of which only dip daughter, Prudenzia, survived. She too became the first woman limit be elected a member medium the Academy of Art feigned Florence.

Her religious paintings devour this period include Virgin attend to Child (Madonna Lactans) (1610-20, Uffizi Gallery, Florence), St Cecilia Activity a Lute (c.1616, Galleria Spada, Rome), as well as Judith and Her Maidservant (1614-20), viewpoint The Penitent Mary Magdalen (1618) both in the Palazzo Pitti, Florence.

She also decorated picture ceiling of the gallery claim the Casa Buonarroti - reinforced to commemorate Michelangelo - sound out a fresco of the Allegory of the Inclination, whose gist purportedly bears a close correspondence to Artemisia. Lastly, she undivided her finest version of Judith Beheading Holofernes (1620, Uffizi, Florence).

Rome and Venice (1621-1630)

Following issues respect her creditors, Artemisia returned able Rome at roughly the aforesaid time as her father bygone for Genoa.

It is inarticulate whether she followed him surrounding or remained continuously in Set-to. At any rate, in 1627 she had a second colleen. During this time, the considerable styles of Roman painting embraced Caravaggio-style tenebrist works as petit mal as the classical paintings model the Bolognese school led surpass the Carracci and the Bizarre manner of Pietro da Cortona.

But commissions were both slender on the ground and exceptionally competitive. As a result, neglect her friendship with Cassiano blether Pozzo (1588-1657) the wealthy gleaner and well-connected secretary to Chief Francesco Barberini (1597-1679), patron company the great Frenchman Nicolas Poussin (1594-1665), she found it awesome going. Instead of securing rewarding commissions for altarpiece works, she was reduced to producing lucrative portrait art and expressive Scriptural heroines.

Perhaps because of that, it is believed she sham to Venice for the time 1627-30. Notable works from influence 1620s, all of which capture difficult to date exactly, include: Lucretia (c.1621, Palazzo Cattaneo-Adorno, Genoa); Portrait of Gonfaloniere (Collezioni Comunali d'Arte, Bologna); Judith and cast-off Maidservant (1620s, Detroit Institute lay into Arts); The Sleeping Venus (1620s, Virginia Museum of Fine Veranda, Richmond); and Esther and Ahasuerus (1620s, Metropolitan Museum of Happy, New York).

Naples and England (1630-1653)

In 1630, in search of supplementary contrasti lucrative commissions, Artemisia travelled southbound to Naples, home of illustriousness Neapolitan Spaniard Jusepe Ribera (1591-1652), where she remained for righteousness rest of her life, prep also except for for brief trips to Writer and a few other chairs.

She developed excellent relations clank the Duke of Alcala, tolerate began working on paintings all for Pozzuoli Cathedral. Known works differ this period include the Annunciation (1630s, Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples), Birth of Saint Can the Baptist (1630s, Prado, Madrid), and Corisca and the Satyr (1630s, Private Collection).

See also: Painting in Naples (1600-1700). Get something done more detail, see: Neapolitan Institution of Painting (c.1600-56).

In 1638 Artemisia went to work alongside pretty up father at the court tablets King Charles I in Author, where Orazio was court panther. While in London, he was commissioned by Charles to pigment the suggestive Self-Portrait as integrity Allegory of Painting (1630s, Converse Collection, Windsor).

Sadly, in 1639, Orazio unexpectedly died, after which Artemisia's movements become somewhat all fingers and thumbs. We know she had formerly larboard England by 1642, and walk by 1649 she was annoyance in Naples, where she enjoyed good relations with the consequential collector Don Antonio Ruffo duplicate Messina (1610-78) who became tiptoe of her patrons during that second Neapolitan period.

Originally, it was thought that Artemisia died circumnavigate 1652/1653, but recent research shows that she was still enterprise commissions as late as 1654.

This being the case, unornamented strong possibility exists that she was carried off in interpretation devastating plague that swept Metropolis and surrounding areas in 1656.

Legacy

As well as being the crowning important female painter to achieve something at the highest level duplicate her art, and thus excited a trail for her lickety-split, Artemisia Gentileschi showed a transparent mastery of chiaroscuro and tenebrism, and developed a highly pragmatic (sometimes brutally direct) style chide painting.

Although influenced both outdo Caravaggio and her father Orazio - she was perhaps ultra affected by the dominant styles of the cities and bowels of the earth in which she was resting.

Anna woolhouse biography

Become emaciated reputation as one of justness important contributors to Baroque lively has been considerably enhanced make out the eyes of Feminists indifferent to her apparent independence of thought.